Nose Injuries
Severe nosebleed
can be most frightening. It can also lead to shock if enough blood is lost!
Many cases of nosebleed can be controlled simply by having the victim sit down,
pinch the nostrils shut and lean forward (to prevent blood from running into
the throat).
Once the bleeding
has been stopped, talking, walking and blowing the nose may disturb blood clots
and allow the bleeding to resume. The victim should rest quietly until it appears
the bleeding remains stopped.
If it is suspected
that the victim has suffered head, neck or back injuries DO NOT attempt to
control the blood flow as they may cause increased pressure on injured tissue.
All uncontrolled nosebleeds require prompt medical attention!
Eye Injuries
Be extremely careful and
gentle when treating eye injuries.
Floating objects in the
eye which can be visualized may be flushed from the eye with water. If the
object cannot be removed in this manner, the victim should seek medical
attention.
NEVER ATTEMPT TO REMOVE OBJECTS EMBEDDED IN THE
EYE!
First Aid care for these
injuries consists of bandaging BOTH eyes and seeking professional care
promptly! An inverted paper cup covered with a bandage is appropriate for
serious eye injuries while the victim is transported to the hospital.
For chemical burns of
the eye, wash the eye with copious amounts of water for 15 to 30 minutes. Then
wrap a bandage around both eyes and seek professional help.
Eyes are delicate and
sight is precious! Prompt professional attention to eye injuries is required to
preserve sight!
Shock
SHOCK is common with
many injuries, regardless of their severity. The first hour after an injury is
most important because it is during this period that symptoms of shock appear.
IF SHOCK IS NOT TREATED, IT CAN PROGRESS TO CAUSE
DEATH!
ANY TYPE OF INJURY CAN CAUSE SHOCK.
ANY TYPE OF INJURY CAN CAUSE SHOCK.
Shock is failure of the
cardiovascular system to keep adequate blood circulating to the vital organs of
the body, namely the heart, lungs and brain.
- SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF SHOCK
INCLUDE: confused behavior, very fast or very slow pulse rate, very fast
or very slow breathing, trembling and weakness in the arms or legs, cool
and moist skin, pale or bluish skin, lips and fingernails and enlarged
pupils.
Treatment for Shock
A good rule to follow is
to anticipate that shock will follow an injury and to take measures to prevent
it before it happens.
- Putting a victim in a
lying-down position improves circulation.
- If the victim is not suspected
of having head or neck injuries, or leg fractures, elevate the legs.
- If you suspect head or neck
injuries, keep the victim lying flat. If the victim vomits, turn on their
side.
- If victim is experiencing
trouble breathing, place them in a semi-reclining position. Maintain the
victim's body temperature, but do not overheat.
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